Frank rhind



(No Model.)

P. RHIND'. I ARGAND BURNER.

No. 416,236 Patented Dec. 3, 1889.

N. PETERS. Phomillhugraphev. washm mn. n.0,

UNITED STATES- PATENT OFFICE.

FRANK RHIND, OF MERIDEN, CONNECTICUT, ASSIGNOR OF ONE-HALF TO THE EDVARD MILLER & COMPANY, OF SAME PLACE.

ARGAND BURNER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 416,236, dated December 3, 1889.

Application filed March 28, 1889- To 60% whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, FRANK RHIND, a citizen of the United States, residing at Meriden, New Haven county, Connecticut, have invented an Improvement in Argand Burners, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to Argand lamps, and in part to that class of Argand burners which are integrally detachable from the lamp. It is intended to secure better combustion and more accurate adjustment of the wick.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 represents in elevation a detachable Argand burner embodying my improvements. Fig. 2 is a vertical section of the same, Fig. 3 is a portion of an Argand lamp, showing a modification.

Similar letters refer to like parts in the several views.

A designates a burner-body provided at its lower extremity with a screw-threaded portion a; A, an outer wick-tube; a, an annular shoulder on the wick-tube A; B, an inner wick-tube; C, a wick; D, an airport or passage; E, a foraminous skirt; F, a chimneygallery; f, achimney-spring; F, a foraminous outer air-distributor; G, a wickadjusting shaft; 9, a thumb pieceor button and g a cog, both 011 the shaft G; H, awick-adjusting band or sleeve; 71/, teeth on'the band H; H, a rack attached to the band H; I, an inner airdistributer consisting of sleeve i, foraminous shell z", flange '6 cone 1J button-shaped shell 1", inner cylinder '6 partition t, imperforate cap 1"", and convex dome i The example of my invention shown in Figs. 1 and 2 of the drawings is constructed and operated as follows: The burner-body A is of convenient size and form, is provided at its lower extremity with an exterior screwthread a, and at its upper end with a screwthread adapted to engage with the annular flange a. The outer wick-tube A is provided with a flange a, screw-threaded to engage with the body A. The inner wick-tube B is placed concentrically within the tube A, and is secured-at its closed lower end to the bottom of the body A. Through the body A and tube B two openings are cut op- Serial No. 305,164. (No model.)

posite each other, the bodyA and tube B being in each case united by a wall, thus forming two air ports or passages D. The foraminous skirt E surrounds the body A and is surmounted by the chimney-gallery F. The

foraminous outer air-distributer F is in this button g. Also secured to the shaft G are the cogs g 9, adapted to mesh with the racks H H. These racks H pass upward through openings in the top walls of the ports D, and are secured to opposite sides of the band or sleeve H. This band His here shown as sur-- rounding the inner tube B, so as to be capa- 7o ble of vertical motion thereon, and provided with exteriorly-projecting teeth h, adapted to engage with the wick C.

In Argand burners of this class it has her'etofore been customary to provide a shaft with one cog ont'y, adapted to engage with the wick-adjusting sleeve, so that the sleeve waslifted entirely from one side. In this case it is necessary to make the sleeve of a length nearly or quite equal to its diameter to prevent its sticking or binding on the wick-tube and to secure an even adjustment of the wick. lVhen a burner is of considerable size, so that large air-ports are necessary,

and'where it is advantageous to make the burner as short as possible in proportion to its diameter, such a length of wick-adjusting sleeve is impracticable. In large burners, therefore, the advantage of providing two racks at opposite sides of the wick-adj usting 9o band or sleeve and two cogs on the shaft adapted to engage with said racks will be most apparent.

The inner air-distributor I, as here shown,

is formed with a sleeve?) of an exterior diame- 9 5 ter slightly less than the interior diameter of the inner wick-tube B and adapted to pass into said tube. Below the sleeve 2' is an in- The wick-adjusting mechanism consists 6o verted conoidal foraminous shell i, and above or within the sleeve is the interiorly-project ing annular flange 1", perforated with holes considerably larger than those in the other portions of the distributer I. Rising from the inner edge of the flange i is the foraminous conefrustum a, surmounted by the foraminous button-shaped portion t". The top of the distributor I is closed by an imperferate cap 1'", (here shown as dish-shaped,) projecting beyond the perforate portion at its lower edge and flaring outwardly. Above the cap 1715 the convex shell or dome 1T, which may be secured to the cap in any convenient manner. \Vithin the perforated portions named is the foraminous cylinder i of a diameter substantially equal to the least diameter of the shell I and extending downward to the bottom of the distributer' I. Extending diametrically across the cylinder 11* is the partition 11, which may be conveniently sus pended from the lower side of the cap 2 It may, however, be secured to or made integral with the cylinder Its oiiice is to check the tendency of the air in the distributor to rise in a spiral current. I have here shown it as perforated, so as to interfere as little as possible with the equal distribution of air to the flame in case the supply entering one of the ports D should at any time be greater than that drawn in at the other.

It will be seen that all the air required to support combustion passes through the foraminons skirt E and through at least one other perforate shell. lhe air which supplies the outer surface of the flame after passing through the skirt E is carried up around the burner-body A and through the foraminous cone-frustum I It is thus admitted freely to the space between the flame and the chimney, no conoidal deflector being required to cause it to impinge against the flame. The burner is kept much cooler and the air is delivered to the ilame more evenly along its entire height, so that a much higher flame can be produced than where an outer deflector is employed. The air introduced to the interior surface of the flame after passing through the skirt E and the ports l) is carried upward and through the perforate shells which constitute the distributor I. It will be seen that the larger perforations in the flange 17 provide the base of the flame with a free supply of air, which, however, has been strained or divided bypassing through the shell 21 or the cylinder By making the cap i dish-shaped, as shown, I produce a higher and less serrated flame than with the flat thin cap in ordinary use. In practice, however, I have found that eddies of air are formed within the dishshaped cap, which interfere with the steadiness of the flame. To obviate this I provide the dome or convex shell In Fig. 3 is shown part of the permanentcentral air-supply tube which passes through the fount of an ordinary Argand lamp. In this case the distributor I is shown as a foraminous cylinder partly within the tube B and supported by a bead formed near the upper end of said tube. In this case the cap 17 and the convex portion i are shown as integral. In this case also the partition t' is shown as imperforate, as in this class of lamps, while the tendency of the air to rise in a helical current still exists, there is less danger of its being diverted to one side of the distributer only.

It is evident that many mechanical changes may be made without departing from my invention, and that I do not consider myself limited to the particular forms of construction shown or described.

As United States Letters Patent have previously been issued on my applications for an inner air-distrilniter consisting of a foraminous eonefrustum surmounted by a buttonshaped portion, also perforated, and for an air-distributer consisting of two perforated shells, one within the other, said patents being numbered and 382,270, respectively, I do not herein claim anything described or claimed in either of said patents.

\Vhat I claim as my present invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States, is as follows:

1. In an Argand burner, the combination of a wick-adjusting band, two racks secured to said band, and two pinions or cogs adapted to engage with said racks and attached to a single shaft, substantially as described.

2. In an Argand burner, a wicleadjusting device consisting of a shaft, a thumb piece or button on said shaft, two cogs or pinions, also on said shaft, two racks adapted to engage with said pinions, and a wick-adjustin g band to the opposite sides of which said racks are attached, substantially as described.

In the inner air-distributer of anArgand lamp, the combination of a lower foraminous portion and an annular flange above and perforated with larger holes than said lower to raminous portion, and adapted to supply to the lower inner surface of the flame air which has previously passed through said lower foraminous portion, substantially as described.

I. In the inner air-distributer of an Argand lamp, the combination, with the perforate walls, of a diametric partition, substantially as described.

In the inner air-distributor of an Argand lamp, the combination, with the perforate walls, of a foraminous dialnetric partition, substantially as described.

U. In the inner air-distributer of an Argand lamp, the combination of a foraminous portion, an imperforate dishshaped cap covering said foraininous portion, and a convex or dome'shaped portion integral with or secured to said cap, substantially as described.

7 In the inner air-distributer of an Argand lamp, the combination of a foraminous conefrustum surmounted by a foraininousbuttonas follows: shell i, flange 1' cone 1 buttonshaped portion, and a cap covering and exshaped portion and inner cylinder 6 sub- 10 tending beyond the outer edge of said buttonstantially as described. shaped portion and provided with a convex or 5 dome-shaped upper surface, substantially as described. I WVitnesses:

FRANK RHIND.

8. In the inner air-distributer of an Argand GEO. L. COOPER, lamp, the combination of foraminous portions, E. B. HAWLEY. 

